公民水素养评价表征因素模型构建与分析

针对我国水资源紧缺、水生态损害、水环境污染等相关水问题,以提升全民爱水惜水节水护水的意识和能力为目标,从水素养概念出发,通过扎根理论质性研究方法对公民水素养评价的表征因素进行筛选和提炼,最终得出包含水知识、水态度、水行为为主范畴的10个表征因素并运用解释结构模型(ISM)深入剖析各因素之间的内在联系。在此基础上建立了3级多层次递阶结构模型,进一步精确描述系统各要素两两之间的直接关系。结果表明:公民水素养评价的表征因素自上而下形成了表象层、中间层和根源层等3个层级,可直观、清晰地反映表征因素之间的递阶、层级关系;水态度在各表征因素中具有调节作用以及各表征因素之间存在内在逻辑关系。研究成果为提高公民水素养水平提供一定的科学依据和政策参考。     

An Advanced Analysis of Cloud Computing Concepts Based on the Computer Science Ontology

Our primary research hypothesis stands on a simple idea: The evolution of top-rated publications on a particular theme depends heavily on the progress and maturity of related topics. And this even when there are no clear relations or some concepts appear to cease to exist and leave place for newer ones starting many years ago. We implemented our model based on Computer Science Ontology (CSO) and analyzed 44 years of publications. Then we derived the most important concepts related to Cloud Computing (CC) from the scientific collection offered by Clarivate Analytics. Our methodology includes data extraction using advanced web crawling techniques, data preparation, statistical data analysis, and graphical representations. We obtained related concepts after aggregating the scores using the Jaccard coefficient and CSO Ontology. Our article reveals the contribution of Cloud Computing topics in research papers in leading scientific journals and the relationships between the field of Cloud Computing and the interdependent subdivisions identified in the broader framework of Computer Science.     

Determinants of social gratifications obtained by older adults moderated by public supports for Internet access in Spain

As the standard of living constantly improves, and as life expectancy increases in developed countries, the number of adults who want to have a gratifying life increases as well. Furthermore, although the Internet offers a world of potentially rewarding experiences, there is much heterogeneity among older people with respect to those who are able to benefit from its use. To reduce this gap, public access and digital literacy programs have been implemented. The aim of the study was to find out the extent to which these programs moderate the effects of age and socioeconomic status on social access to and use of the Internet in a sample of older users in Spain. Through quota sampling of retired users over 54 years of age in Spain (N = 560), who were regular users of public supports for Internet access, a structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis was conducted. The data showed a staggered association of access indicators (physical access, digital skills and social e-activities) on the social gratifications obtained, as well as the moderating role of institutional supports. This study provides empirical evidence of the ability of public supports to moderate the effect of socioeconomics inequalities on access and social exploitation of the Internet by older people. The findings point to the need to strengthen digital literacy actions, especially in supports that are more sensitive to the effect of age and socio-economic status.     

Identification of potential technologies for 1,4-Butanediol production using prospecting methodology

1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO) is a four-carbon diol used for industrial applications such as organic solvents, and the production of adhesives, fibers and polyurethanes. 1,4-BDO currently is produced through several petrochemical routes: hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, isomerization of propylene oxide, acetoxylation of butadiene, and the reaction between formaldehyde and acetylene. The current trends in 1,4-BDO production involve the utilization of renewable sources such as biomass. In this context, the present study aimed to identify promising technologies of 1,4-BDO production through prospecting methodology based on the analyses of patents and scientific article, describing the most relevant aspects of those emerging technologies. An increasing amount of 1,4-BDO production focused on biotechnological routes has been reported, with the US heavily involved in the development of new technologies. This study tracked three promising technologies which have potential for application in a biorefinery context because those processes involve (i) production of 1,4-BDO from sugars, classified herein as the biotechnological route; (ii) production of intermediates from sugar fermentation followed by catalytic conversion into 1,4-BDO, classified herein as the hybrid route, and (iii) furan/furfural conversion into 1,4-BDO. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

Yes I can cook a fish; effects of a five week sensory-based experiential theme course with fish on 11- to 13- year old children’s food literacy and fish eating behaviour – A quasi-experimental study

Danish early-phase adolescents only consume one-third of the officially recommended amount of fish. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of a five week sensory-based experiential theme course with fish on 11- to 13-year old early-phased adolescents’ food literacy and acceptance of fish. Study design was a quasi-experimental intervention. 32 Food Knowledge school classes were recruited from the eastern part of Denmark. Classes were assigned to intervention group (n = 185), control group 1 (n = 123), only baseline and follow-up survey, or control group 2 (n = 75): one oral lecture between baseline and follow-up survey. Mixed methods strategy was applied: baseline and follow-up survey, participant observation, telephone-, and group interviews. Before between study group analysis control groups were pooled. The following key effects of the intervention were observed: knowledge on fish and cooking increased within specific areas, skills related to fish and cooking increased, especially in girls. Furthermore, the social dimension and helping each other were important elements. In the intervention group no positive effects were observed for liking or assessment of fish disgust; however, theme course evaluation showed that 47% had become curious on tasting other kinds of fish and 38% stated a higher liking for fish after participation. Furthermore, teachers reported an increase in acceptance of fish in the children as a result of participating. In conclusion food literacy and fish acceptance were increased through participation in a five week sensory-based experiential theme course with fish.     

Applying Feature-Weighted Gradient Decent K-Nearest Neighbor to Select Promising Projects for Scientific Funding

Due to its outstanding ability in processing large quantity and high-dimensional data, machine learning models have been used in many cases, such as pattern recognition, classification, spam filtering, data mining and forecasting. As an outstanding machine learning algorithm, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) has been widely used in different situations, yet in selecting qualified applicants for winning a funding is almost new. The major problem lies in how to accurately determine the importance of attributes. In this paper, we propose a Feature-weighted Gradient Decent K-Nearest Neighbor (FGDKNN) method to classify funding applicants in to two types: approved ones or not approved ones. The FGDKNN is based on a gradient decent learning algorithm to update weight. It updatesthe weight of labels by minimizing error ratio iteratively, so that the importance of attributes can be described better. We investigate the performance of FGDKNN with Beijing Innofund. The results show that FGDKNN performs about 23%, 20%, 18%, 15% better than KNN, SVM, DT and ANN, respectively. Moreover, the FGDKNN has fast convergence time under different training scales, and has good performance under different settings.     

基于VSE的大南湖一矿通风系统现状仿真与评估

为了掌握大南湖一矿通风系统现状,科学评估其安全性、稳定可靠性及合理性,对全矿进行了通风参数精准普查,基于VSE软件对通风系统运行状况进行了仿真与评估。结果表明大南湖一矿通风系统存在部分巷道微风、回风大巷风速偏高、井下通风设施较多、部分角联分支易发生风流转向、矿井通风阻力分布不合理等问题,为系统的优化改造指明了方向。     

办好《铀矿冶》,为铀矿冶事业发展作出新贡献

回顾了《铀矿冶》不平凡的20年历程，结合核工业北京化工冶金研究院取得的科研成果，评价了《铀矿冶》在我国铀矿科技和生产中所起的重要作用。     

关于矿业城市的几个问题——在第六届中国矿业城市发展论坛发言

矿业城市在发展的道路上面临着困难,同时也面临新的发展机遇。矿业城市的兴衰关系区域经济协调发展和国家建设全局的大事。所以,要用科学发展观来指导矿业城市振兴,促进矿业城市转型,提高矿业城市持续发展的能力。为此,建议国家把振兴矿业城市与开发大西北、振兴东北老工业基地一样作为一项重大战略性任务来做。     

基于保水采煤理念的地质环境承载力研究

我国西部生态脆弱区采煤引起的水资源破坏和地质环境变化,已经严重制约了矿区经济、社会、环境的可持续发展。通过梳理保水采煤、煤矿区地质环境承载力的研究进展,结合目前西部富煤缺水地区的地质环境现状,提出了基于保水采煤理念的地质环境承载力内涵及基本研究思路。分析认为:基于保水采煤理念的地质环境承载力研究,应将保水采煤理念与地质环境承载力理论有机融合,系统分析"采煤活动—水资源破坏—地质环境效应"作用机理,从寻求煤炭开采、水资源保护、地表生态环境保护3者之间的最优解中阐述内涵。地质环境承载力评价方法研究,可采用属性分析、生态需求分析、数值分析、突变理论等方法,重点研究评价指标的量化方法、综合评价方法、承载能力及承载状态等级划分方法。对于承载能力的计算,可采用模拟实验,取得典型煤矿区承载能力下地质环境与开采强度临界值的关系数据,进而提取出控制和减轻煤矿区地质环境问题的保水采煤技术方法,确定合理的开采强度和规模。在承载力评价和计算的基础上,提出地质环境承载力影响因素的协同监测技术方法,并给出了承载力预警等级判定标准。所提出的基于保水采煤理念的地质环境承载力内涵及基本研究思路,以期丰富和发展保水采煤及地质环境承载力的科学内涵,为西部生态环境脆弱区煤炭资源开发与水资源保护协调发展提供理论与技术支持。